Azadirachtin is the only alternative to conventional insecticides currently available for managing most sawfly pests and white pine weevil. This bioinsecticide is safe to mammals and birds. It does not pose a significant risk to most other non-target organisms including bees, fish and aquatic insects at effective dosages, and it degrades readily in the environment. The short residual life of azadirachtin-based insecticides when applied as a foliar application, although attractive from an environmental perspective, can be a significant limitation for forest management. This limitation may be overcome by applying neem formulations that can persist for a year or more, systemically into trees. For example, systemic applications into large pines for pine false webworm control is a promising approach for selective treatments, including seed orchards, small pockets of infestation, and ornamental trees in urban environments. The cost of neem insecticide formulations is higher than most conventional insecticides, but their low impact to non-target organisms makes them an attractive alternative. This is even more so with systemic applications, which further reduce any impacts to non-targets, or hazards to handlers.